???,??????????????

????:?????:???????????

6????????10???????????,???

??,????????????????:??,????????,??,???????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????“???????”,??????????????????????«?????????????????????»???????:“???????”?

?????(??:??,«??????????,?????????»,?????????,2023(18):50-53.)

?????????,??,????,?????????????????????????????????????????????“???”????????????????,?????

??????

01 ?????????

??????

?????,??????????,???????????????,??“???”?

??????????????,????,????????,???????????,????,???????????“??????”???????????????????“?????”,?“???????”?????C????,???,????????????,?????????,????????

?«?????????»?????????(????:?????????«?»,?????)

?,??????“????”????????????,???,?????????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????,????????????????????,????,????????????????? “?,?”?

?«????????»:“????????,???????????”?(???????????:??????????«??????????:?????»,??????????????1936????)

??,??????,??????,?????????????????????????????

??????????,????,???,?????????????????????????,????????,????“????”???????????????????“?????????????”?,?????“????????”???????????????,“??”?????“??”,?????,“????”?????“??????????????”????,????

?????,????????(??),????????????????,????????? ???? ??????????????(????:???)

?????????????????????????????????,?????,?,?????,????????????????,???????,???«????»?????:“??,??????”

??????????“??????”“?????????????”??,??????,?,??,?????2.0?,?????

???,??,?????????????,????????????????????,???,??????????????????????,??????

?????????,???????“???????”???????????“????”??“???”,“?????”????????“?????”????,??“??”????????,?????????????????????“?????????????”???????,??????“???”,??????,????,????,?????????“?????????????????”

???????,????,“??????????”?????,?????????????,??,???????????????,????

02 ????,???????

????

??????????????????????????????“????”???????????????“????????????????”?????,??????????“??”«??»??,??????,??????

??????

???????,??,????????????????????????,?«??????????»«????»«??»??,?????????«????????????»,???????????,?????????,????????????,??????????,????????,?????,«???»«?????»«??»???????????????????????????«??»?????,??????

??????????????,?????????,???????????????,????????,?“????”????,??“??”???,?????????????,????«?????»«?»??????,???“??????”?,??????????????,????«??»?????«?????????»?«???»????,?????????,????????????,????,????????,????

????2024???,??????????????????????????“????”????????????????????????,??????????,??????

????????“??????????”???????????,????????????????????“??”,???????,?????????????,?????,?;????, ?????,??????,“???????”,?“???”???????????,?????????????????,?????

???,???????????????,??????(????????:?????????)

????:

“??????,????????????,??????????????????,?????,?????????????,????????????!”

????????????,????????????“?????????”??,?????,????????????,???????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????……????,?,??????????????

?,????,??,???,?????,???

????????,????

03 “??????”?,???

?,???????

????2006???????????????????????2009????????????????????????????????????????,???,?????

????,????????????????????????????????????????,???????????

?2023????????????«???????????»???????????????????? ?? ????(??:??) ????????,??????? ???(?????:???)

“????”??????,???,?“?????,??????????”?????????,?????“????”:???????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????? ????????(???????:????????)

???,???????????????????????????……??????????????????????????,???????????????????,????,????????“??”???????

???????????

?2024??5??????????????????15???,?????????? ????(????:??)

???????

????????????????!???????????????:?????????????

????,???????,????????????????,???,??????“???”,????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????

?????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????

??????? ?????????(???????????:???)

?,????,??????????????,?,?????????,???

??????????2017?????“??”???????? ??? ???(??:??)

??,“(??)????,????????,???????????????‘????’,???????(????????????????),?,???,????????”

??????????????

????,??????????????,?????“??????”??????????

??????,?????????:

??

?????

??,???????????????

(?????????????????????:?)

??????????????? | ?????

???? | ?????

? | ????

(?????)

????????????????:????