????:1??????:????????

2????????spa??

3????????

4????????

5?????????

???????,???,??,????????,???????“????”????????

???????????????? ??? ??

???????????,??????????????????????,???3600?????,????????????????????,??????????,?????,????55%?,??“??,?????????”???????????

???????????????

????

????????,??????,????????,???????????????????????????????????????

???,?????????«??»???????:??,??????????????,????????,???,???,??,??????????14?????????????????,20??????,????????“???”????????????????????????????????????4.2????????????,?????????????,???

??????????????????:?????????????

??????????,????????,????????????????????????,??,??,???

“????,?????,??????????,??,???”??????????,??,????,????,????????,????,????????????,???

??????????????????????????????:????????

“???????????????,????????????????????????,?????,??????????,???,???”?????????

??????????5??

????????????

??40??????????,??????300??,??????5????????????

????????????,??,???????,???????,??????????,??1900??????????????,????1000???

?????????????????:??

?????????,??????????,???????????,??????????????????,???????????“??????????”“???????”“??”????????,??????????,???

??????????????????16?????,?????????,????????5000??????????,????40???

?????????????:??????????

“????????????????????,??????,???????,????,??????????”????????

???,?????????????????,???????,?????????,????????,?,????,?????????60???

?????????????????????????????????

?????“????”

?,???????????,????????

“???????????”????????????????:????????????????

“??”??????1990????????????????,????“??,??????????????????,?????????”??????????,???????,“??????????????”?????,“???????”??????

???????,????,???15%??????????????,??,????????,?????????,??????

????????:??

???????????????????,????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????????,“???”???????,???????,?????????,?????????????????,???

??????????,??????????????????,???“????????”?

????????????????????????????????????????:????????

?????,?PE?,??PE????,??????,????????,????????????,???????“??”“??”???

??????,3???????,?????????,???????????

??

???????????????????“??”

???????,????????,????????????????????????????,??,????????????????

“???,????????,????”???????????????????2010???????????,???????????,??

????????????????????:???????

“????????????????????,??,??????????????????????,??????,?????‘??’?”???????????,????“????”??,???????????????,???

?????????????“?????????????”,????????????????????????1996????????????,?,??????????????????????,????????????37??????,?????500????????????

????????????:??

????????????,????????????????,?????????????????????

“?????????????”??????,??????????,????????????,??????,??????????????,???????????,?????????,?????????????,??????

???????????:??????????????????

????“???????????????”?????????????,?????????“?????,????????????,?????????“????????+”?????????,??????????,????????????,??????????????????????????????,????????‘????????’???????????”????,??,?????,??????????????????????????,?????????

?????

???

40??

????????????

?????????????????????????????

????????????

????

???????????????(CNS1952)????????????????????

?????????:??????????????

?????:???????????

??????:????????????????????????????

??:??????

(?????)

???????????:???