????:1??????????:?????????98

2?????

3???????200????

4?????

5??????????

??6?????20?????????????????????????? ?:????????????????,??“???????????????”

??

???????? ??????

“??????????????????”??????6???20????????????????????????????????,????,?????????,???

????????,????????????????“??????????????”,????????????“???????????”???????????“????????”???,?????

??????:

?:????????????,??

??????:?????????,????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????,????????????,??????

????,??????? ?? ???????????????

???????,??????????,?,???????????????????????????,????,Sinology?Sinology?????,?????????,??“??”??????,????????????,??????????

?????????????,?????????????,????????????,???????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,??Chinese Studies(???????????????????????????/????)????????????????????????,???,?,???????????,?????????????????(China Studies)?

????????????????,?????????????????????????,????,?????????????????

??????,?????????????????,???????,???????????,?????,???????????????????????????????

??????????:??????????????“?????????”,??????????“?????”?

??:???????????“????????????????????”??80??????,??????????,?????????????,?????????,??“??”?????????????,????????????????,????????????????????????????,????????????????,?,?????????,?????“???”?????????????

????????,??????????,?????????,????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,????????????,???????,?????????“????????”?

?????????????,????????«??????????»????? ?????????????????

2000?,?,????????????(Jan Luiten van Zanden),?????????????????????????16????????19????????????????,??????,????,??????????????????????????,???????????????

???,??????????????????,???10??????????????«??1820???????????????????????GDP???????????????»???????????2012???????????????,??«Before the Great Divergence? Comparing the Yangzi Delta and the Netherlands at the beginning of the nineteenth century»?????????????????«??????????????????»;?????????«An Early Modern Economy in China: The Yangzi Delta in the1820s»(«??????????????1820??????????????????»)????2021?????????????????????,??????????????????(Dwight Perkins)???????(Philip Hoffman)???

????,?40?????????????,??????????????????????????????

??:???,????????????????????????????“????????”,???

??????????????????????:??????????,???????,???????????????????????????????,???????????,????“???????????????????????????”???“???????????????????????”??????,???????????,??????,????,??????????,??????????????????????,?????

??,?????????????????????????????,???????????,??????????????,?,?????????,?????????????,????????????????“???????????”???,??????,???????????????????????????????????,???????????????????,????,??,?????????????????????

?????????????????????? ????

???????????????????,??????,?????????????????????????,???????????“???”,???????????,????????????,????????????????????,??????,?,??????

?????“???????????????????????????????”???????????????,?????????,??????????????????????,???

?????????????????,?????????????????,???????????,?,???????????????????,?,????,?????????????(???)

??:

??????????????????,????1949?????,1985?????,????,????????????????????????????????????????????;???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????,???????????«Journal of Global History»????????1974?????????,?????????,?????????????????????????«Agricultural Development in the Yangzi Delta, 1620-1850»«???????,1550-1850»«??????????????????:??????????????????????»«????——1820???????????????-???????????GDP???»«????????????????:??»??????,??????????????????(????)“??”????????????“????????????”??????????????????

?????:?????????????