?? 8??????????,???
????:1??????:?????
2?????????
3?????v
4?????????
5???????
???75???,???????,?,????????,?«?????????????75???»,????
75??????????,???????8?????8?
???????????????? ?????1%????????????????1/8
????1%??1/8
????????,????;??????????????,??;??????????,????……75?????????,?????????????????1%??????????1/8,????????
1950????????????????,?11????????,????1%???,?????????“???????????????”,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????……?????????????????????
1978???????????,????????????????2001??,??,?????;2013??,?????;2023????????????,????????????5.9????????,???????12.4%,??7?????????????????……3/4?,??????????
?????,??????????????????,???,??????????????????????????????,????,????,“????????????”?????????8??????,??????????????1.3???????,??139.9???????????,??????????
???,????????20132023?,??4%,????????????1.6????????????????????????,??????????,?????????????……??,??????????????????????
???????????????????? ??20%??????????95.1%
?????20%,????????????????2023?????95.1%
???????,??,??????????????????????,????,????,??????????????
????????????????????????,??????
??????????????????,???????????,??,?????20%,?????????2023??????????????95.1%???????????????????????,????20?8090?4.5????2023???1.4???,??????????
??????,???
????,?????“?????????????????”??????????????????????“?”:????????????????????????,???????????“????????????????”????;??????????????????????????8??,???,?????????????????????????……??????????????“??”????????????“????????????????”,??“??????????”??“?????????????”,???,???????????????????????????,????????
??? ??????????40?230?
?40??230???????
??????????????????????????,??????????????,?????8?,??,?????????????????????????????14?????????????????,???
????????????“?”??????,??????????????????230?????
??,????????,??????????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????,?“???????????(?)??”“??‘1210’???”???“??????????,??‘?’,????????????!”???????????????
???,??????????????????????????,????????????40???????,??????????,???,??,????????????
??,?????,???????????????,???,??????????????
?????????,?230?,???140?????????????????“???”??????,????????2013???????????????10.1??2023???????????19.5?????,???6.7%,????39.3%??46.6%;????,??2000??????2.2%????2.7%??????????????2023???????????????4.7%????????????8.2%?
? ?????10???????64.5?????
1978?????,???????????????????????????10?????????????;2023?????,???64.5????
????,???????;?????,???,?????????……?,?????????????????
????????????????????????????????……?????,??????????
?,??“10????”??????????1978?????????“64.5????”???????????????????2023???????????????????????,???“????????????????????????????”??????????????
????,???,???????????,?????????????????,????????????,?????????????“???”?2004??,???«???????????????»???,????????????,????2019???????,????2023???,?53.5%,??5????
??????????????,????????????????????????????,???,???
??????????????? ???????
??2023????????????9331?????????????,???????????????????
??????,?????????????,??????????;???,?????????????????
??,????????????????
????????????,??????,1982?46.9??????????,???????34????????,20?80??,???????80%?
??,??
19832023???,????6.5???,??????????????????????????,??????????????????,???????,2023????9331??????
?????????,????????????????,????????
??????,??????????????????????????,????????50??????????????72????????????144???……???,??????????,???“??????????????”????,????????,??????????,??????????9617.1????????47.7%,???
?????,?????;??????????????????;??;??????????????????????????????????????????……???????????,?????????????????,???
??? ????????
???????10?????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????“??”?????????
?????????????????,??“????”,????????????????……????????????,?????,???“??”??????????????,????“?????,??????????????”???
??????????????????????,???????????????“??????????”,???????????
????????,???????????????,???“????????”?1957?????????????????,?????????????????19????1200????????????,????8600?,?????????20%??????????,??????????????135??,?????229??????????,?????????????1.5?????????????????1000?????????????????????????????????????“?????????????????”,???
????????2018????????,?,????????????6???;2020????,??“??????????????”?,????;2021???????,??????????,?????????????????……???,??????????????????????,???????????????????????,2023????????????????,???3923????????????,??117.1%,?????2019???????10.6%;?????????????1.41????????,???????????153.3%,???2019???????8.25%???????,?????“??????????”???
??????????????? ???1?22??????“???????????????”
2023?????????????????,22??????7.7????,???18.4%
????????????????????,?????????????????????,???2013????,??????????
????????????“???”“??”“?????????”“?????”“?????????????”“?”???“??”;???;???……?????????“????”???????????????????
??????????,?????????????,???????????;???????????????????????1.6??,??;?????????????4000??,??4000????……?,??????????,????????????????????
?????????2013???,??,?,??????????????????????????:
11?,???22?????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????
11???,????????“?”?????????????3400????,??????????????????7???????4????????????,??????????????300?????
2023?????????????????????,22??????????7.7???,?????18.4%,??????????????????,????????,???,???,??????????,??????????????????????????,????
???????? ???22????????
?????,???????????2023??,??????????????29?????????????????????22????????????
2023?6???2??,«???»(RCEP)?,?RCEP??????????15???????????????,???(??????????)????RCEP???,?????1.48???
RCEP???????????????????????????:2023????,???????????????????RCEP??????14???12.6??????????,??????2021????5.3%????,RCEP?????????????????????????????????30%,????15?????????????????????????????????????
?????,????????,?????????????20?????
2002????,?«????»,???????????,?????????????????????
????????????????,??,????????????
??????;???;????????????????????????????????……???????????,????2023????????,???29?????????????22????????????????,????(??)???1/3???
22??????????“???????????????”??,???“????????????????”??????????????????????????????,????RCEP???,??;????,????????????RCEP???(??????? ????????????)
«???????»(2024????????????????09??????24??????? ??????????06??) ??????????????:??????????????????