8??????????,???

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1950??????,?????????????11????,?1%???,????“?????”,???????????????????????????????????????????????……??????

1978????,????2001?????????,?????????????,??;2013???????????????????????,???;2023???????????????????,?????????5.9??,???12.4%,????????????????7??……3/4??????????????,??

??????????????????,???????????????????,??????,??????????????????????????????,??????????,???????,“????????????”?????8????????????,???1.3????,?139.9?????,?????

?,??????????????????20132023?????,????4%,????????????1.6??????????????,???????,????……??,????????

?? ???????20%???95.1%

????????????20%,???????2023???95.1%

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?????????????,????????????

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??????????????? ?40????????????????230??

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1978??????????,??????????10????????;2023???????,???64.5???

????????????????,?????????????;???,????????????,????????????????????????????……???,????

??????????????????????????????……????,?????

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?????????????????,????????????????????,1982?????????????????46.9??,??????34?????????????????,20?????80????????????,???80%?

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19832023??,???????????????6.5?????????????????,???????????????????????????,??????????,????,2023??????????9331??????????????????????

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2002????,?????????????????????«?»,????????,???

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