????:1??????:????????

2???????

3???????

4???????

5????????

????????????,

??????????????????

??????

???????????,

??,

?????,

?,

2024??????????9???????25???????????,

???????????????,

????“??????????”

????????????

??????,

?????????????????????????,

????

?????????????

????????,????????

????

???????????“????????????????”2023????

??????????960??????,??????473?????

?????????????????????,??????????;?????????????,???,???????????,???????,?????????????,??????????

??????,??????????????,???????“????????????????????????????,??????????????”

???????????????,??,??????340??????,??????“????????????????????”??:?????,??????,????!

??????????,????????????

??????

??????????????

??????,?????????????????????????????????“?????”???????????“???????????????”???????????????????????,????????,??????“???????????????”????????????……????????,?????????????????????,????,??????????????????,????????????????,??

????????,?????196?,??????????:???????????????,???????

???????,??????

?????????????????

??????(?)???22???????????

2019??????,?????????????????(?)??????????22???,??????????????????????,?“?????????”,?????“??”?

??????,?????????,????????????????????,???“????????????”????????

??????????????????????,???????????????????:?????????????????????????????????????53?????????????????????????,???????????,????????,??

???????????????????????????,???????,?????“?”????,????“???????????????”?????????,?????!

?????????,???????

????

???????????IUPAC100???????????????“???????????”?????????????

??,?????????????,??,????,???????

??????,??-???????????????,“??????????????????,???????????????????,??,???”

2016???????????,??????,???“???,??????????,?????????,????????????,??????,????”

??????????,???????????,??

? ???????????

????? ?????

????????,?????????,??????,????,“????,??,??”

?????,?????:????????,?????????????,??????????

????????????2018????????,?????,??,???????????,?????????????????,???????????????

25??????????????,?????????????,???????,??????????,???????,??????,???,??????

???????,?????????

??

??????????????????

????????18??????????????????18????????,???

?????????????,??????????????,??“??????”???????????,????????????:??????,???,?????????????????,???????,????????????,?????????????????????,??,?????????:“?????????????????,???????????????????!”

???????,???????????????:??????????,????????????????????,?,??????????

????????,??????????????

?????

?

????2002?,??????,???????????????????10???????????????

??????,?????????????????,??,??????????,????????,????????“???110”??

?????,????????????????????,???????????

???????????,??????????????????????,??????????“???????”,?????,??????????????

???????????,????????22???????????“???”,????????“?????????????????,????”????????????????????

?????,?????????,?????????????????

???????,???????

??????????

??????????????

??????????,??:11??????,16????2006?,???

??????????????????????,???????????????????,????????????:??,??

????????????,??,??????2008????????,?????,?????????????,?????2012??????

???????,?,??????,?,????,?????????????

???????,????????????,??????????????????,??,??????????,???,????????????

????????,????????

??????????????

????????????2024???“????????????????”????????????

????,??,???????????????????????,???

????10?,???????????????,?????????,???????????,???????2024????“?????????????”?

??????????“??”,???????,??????????????????,??????????????????????????:??,??????????????,???????

2017???????,5??????????,????????????????,????????,“?,???????7????‘???’?????”

???,??16???????,????????????????????????,????,???????????,???????????“??????????”

?????,????,????????????????,????,?????????????????,???,?????“??????????????????????”??:????????????????????,?????????,???,???!

??????,??????????,??????????????????????????????,????“????”,??????????????,?????????????????????,?????

????????,?,???????“????????????????,????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????,????‘??’??????????,??????‘??’??”

???????????

???????????,

?????????????????????????

??????

????????,

???????????

??????

????????,

??????????????????????????

??????????/?????????????? ?????:???????????????