?? ??????????????:???????
????:1????????:???????????
2??????
3???98?95????
4???????????
5?????????
??????????6????????????21???????????? ????????????:??????????????
???????????????
?????????????? ???
????????????,?????????,“????????????????”?????????????????????,??????????????,??????
????“????????????”??????????????????????????????????????????????“????????”????????????????,???????1500????????1800???????????????,??“??”??????,?????????“???”????????,???????????????????“??”,???
??:
?????????????:??1500????????????-1800?????????????????????????,????
????????????????:1688???????????????«?????????»?????????????????,???????????????????«??»?“???????”,?????????,????
??????????????????????18????????????????“?????”,???????????????1500???????????????????-1800???,???????,?????,????????????????????????
??“???”???????????????????,??????????????,“??”?????,?????????????,???
??????????????????,???,????????????????1500????????-1800??????;???????????????????“????????”???,????????????????????????????????
?,?????????????
?????????«???????????»(????????)????????????????? ??????????????????:??18??????????????????“????????????”,??????????“???”,????????????????????
????:??
?????????????????,?????????????????????????,??????,?????,???
????????????????????,???????????????,??,?????????????????????,???????
?,????,????????????,???????????:?????????????????,????????????????;?????????,?????????,?????????,????
??????????????:??????????????
??????????????:????
???????????,??????????,?????????????????????????«???????????????????»????,???????;??????????«???????????»????????????……????????????????????«?????????????»??,?????,???????????,????????
?????????,????????,?????????????????,????,??????????
?????????????????????????????:“?,???????,??????????;??????,??????????”??????????
???,?????,???,????????,???,???????????????,????????,????
??:??????
?????:??????????“????”??????????????,????????????
????“?????????”???????,?????????????1798???????????????????,???……???????????????????????,??,??????,??,??????????????????????,????????
?????????“????????????”,???????????? ??????,?????????????????????,??????????????????,????????????????????????“????”,???????????????“???????????????”“?????”“??”“?????????”???,???
????????,?????????,??????????,“???”??????????,???????????????????????,?????????,?????????????????,????????????????????,??????,??????,???,?????????????
?????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????,??,??????????,????,???????????????????????????????????????????19???????????,?“?????”??????
?????,?????????“????????”,????????????18??????????????????????????????,????,???(????????)
???????????:
?????????????????????????????? ??????,??,???????????,?????,«????????????????»?????,??,???????????,????????????????????????,1500-1800?????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????10?????????????,???
?????:????