???? | ????????????????? ??????????????

????:????????:????????

???????????500???????????,?????????(HOV)?63????,?542????,?????(ROV)????3????,?????928?(????????)……

?,???,?????????????,????????????????????????

??????????????,???????????,????“?”?

??????

“????!”“????!”???????2022??????????10????23??????,“??????????????”??500???????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????

???????,????????????????

???????????????7???????????????????,2023????5???????????21????????????????????????,????:?????,???????????????????????,??????,?????????????????,?,????,???????;???????

2023????????5??????2024????????6????????,???????????????????????(????????????)??????????????????,?????????????????“??”????????????“???????”?????,?????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????928?(??????????),????????????????

2023???????????9?????????,????????,“95??????????????????????????”??

“????”???????????,??????,??????????????8??????????????,??????????????????????

300??500??????????800?????……???????????,?,??????????????????????,??????????1500????,???????????

????????????????,?????,??????????????????????????,????????????????,???????,?,???????,“???????!”

“????????????????????????????????????”????,???????????????,????

??????,??,????,???????,????????,??????,?,???????????????

?????????????,?,?????,???????,????????????????????,??,??“?????”?????????

????

???????????????,?,??????,???????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????

?????,?????????????????,????????,??????????

?????,???????????,?????,?????????,????,??,??????????,????????????

“???????????????????,????????????????????,????????????”?????????

????,????????

??????,?????????????????,?????(1506????????1521???),?(1488??????????????????1505???????????????????)?

????????,????,?????????????????

????????5?,?????????????????????“??????”???????????,????????????????,???????????“???????”??????“????????‘??’??????,????”??

????????????????,??????????????????,???,?1386?(????????????)?1446?????????(??????????????????)?1506???(??)?1566??????(?????)?1626???????????(??????????????)???????????????????????????,??????????????????1506??(???????????)???????????????????????????,?????????????1446???????????????????????????????????(??????????????????????)????????????1566???????????????????(????????)????,??1506??(????)?

“??????????!?????????????,?????????????????,?????,?????????”????????????????

?????????,???????????,???????????,????,?????,????????????????????

??????

??????,?????,??????????????

????????,???????“????”“????”“??????????????????”,??????,??????????????????????????,?????,????

??????????6????13????????????????????,??(??????????????)????,????,???????????????????20?,???????????????,??????,??,????????,????????????

“????????????,?,???”,??«?????»?????

??????????????,?????,?????????????,??

?,?????????????????????29?,??????,???????????,????,????????,??,???????????,?????????????????

????????????????,???????,??????????????????????????????????????,???????????????,??????????,???????????????????????????????

?,????????,????,???????????????????????,?,????,????????????????,??????????????,????????????,?????,?????????????????????

??????,???????????,???????????????????

???????????,???????????????????,??????????

“??????????????,?????????????,????????????”?,???????????,???,???????????(???????)

??????:

??????????????????????

????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????:??